Hip joint endoprosthesis

Autor: RAFAŁ CZEPUŁKOWSKI
Consultation WALDEMAR WOŹNIAK
Date added 29.11.2024
Date of last revision 03.12.2024

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Hip endoprosthesis is considered one of the greatest medical advances of the last century. Hip degeneration is a condition that affects not only the elderly, the characteristic symptoms of the disease can bother people just after the age of 45. Hip pain, gait abnormalities, stiffness and restriction in range of motion, as well as skipping in the hip, this is what patients most often face. Late diagnosis and inadequate treatment results in a significant worsening of symptoms leading to hip endoprosthesis.

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Hip joint replacement is a surgical procedure to replace the diseased cartilage and bone of the hip with an artificial prosthesis. The hip joint is formed by the head of the femur and the acetabulum of the hip joint of the pelvic bone. These are replaced by a prosthesis - the femoral head with a metal or ceramic "ball" and the acetabulum with a socket-shaped component made of austenic metal alloys with polyethylene, ceramic or metal inserts.

Types of hip endoprostheses

The hip endoprostheses in use today, depending on how they are bonded to the bone base, can be divided into:

  • cemented (mostly intended for the elderly >75 years of age)
  • cementless,
  • hybrid, in which one component (most often the acetabulum) is fitted by the cementless method, while the other component is fitted by the cemented method

The hip endoprostheses used at Rehasport Clinic are products of renowned orthopedic companies characterized by the best mechanical and tribological properties described in the registers :

  • cemented e.g. Exeter (Stryker)
  • cementless
  • resurfacing - BHR ( Smith&Naphew)
  • cervical - BMHR ( Smith&Naphew)
  • epiphyseal - Proxima, Trilock (De Puy), SMF (Smith&Naphew), Fitmore (Zimmer)
  • Standard Corail(De Puy), Alloclassic (Zimmer)

During pre-operative planning, based on X-rays, depending on the degree of destruction of the hip joint, we select an implant for the patient that will meet all his expectations for activity after surgery.
At Rehasport, we also perform surgical procedures for hip endoprosthesis replacement (aseptic complications, loose implant components). A highly specialized and experienced medical team guarantees the high quality of the procedures performed.

Hip endoprosthesis - surgery

Hip endoprosthesis surgery is usually performed under epidural anesthesia and lasts between 1 and 2h. On the day of surgery, the patient receives antibiotic cover and thromboprophylaxis in the form of low-molecular-weight heparin. Due to blood loss during the procedure and in the perioperative period, a blood transfusion is sometimes necessary. It is possible to use the patient's own blood, collected 2 weeks before surgery (1j.), and to use a reverse autotransfusion device (using blood from the postoperative drain). This procedure avoids the transfusion of foreign blood.

Hip endoprosthesis - after surgery

On the first day after surgery, isometric exercises, breathing exercises, uprighting and starting to walk with light weight on the operated lower limb are used. Exercises are gradually expanded so that on day 3 -4 he moves independently with the assistance of one or two elbow crutches.
Antibiotic cover is used for 2-3 days after surgery, while thromboprophylaxis (elastic stockings and low-molecular-weight heparin or oral preparations) is used for 6 weeks after surgery. On the 3rd -7th day after surgery, once independent walking is mastered, it is possible to leave the hospital and continue the rehabilitation process. After 4-6 weeks, with the proper course of rehabilitation, a normal radiological picture and the use of appropriate implants, it is possible to start walking without the assistance of crutches. Recommendations are tailored individually to each patient and depend on such factors as the patient's general fitness and age, the involvement of other joints in the disease process, body weight and others.

Hip endoprosthesis is one of the greatest inventions of modern medicine, especially when the treatment concerns hip degeneration, as it allows full recovery and physical fitness. By opting for the procedure at Rehasport, you are guaranteed the best medical care both before, during and after the surgery.

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Bibliography:

Autor
RAFAŁ CZEPUŁKOWSKI
RAFAŁ CZEPUŁKOWSKI

Specjalista do spraw content marketingu, dziennikarz sportowy i medyczny. Redaktor naczelny magazynu „Poradnik Zdrowie i Sport”, członek Dziennikarskiego Klubu Promocji Zdrowia, współtwórca wielu artykułów medycznych z zakresu ortopedii i urazowości w sporcie.

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Konsultacja merytoryczna
WALDEMAR WOŹNIAK
WALDEMAR WOŹNIAK

Lekarz w klinice Rehasport, specjalizuje się w ortopedii i traumatologii narządu ruchu z ukierunkowaniem na leczenie urazów sportowych, a także zmian zwyrodnieniowych stawów biodrowych i kolanowych. Zajmuje się również endoprotezoplastyką stawów biodrowych.

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